Stavropol area. A historical-geographical part regarding the Russian Federation found in the main part out-of Subcaucasia, within Kuban River (and you may Kuban part) towards west, the Terek part to your the southern part of, the fresh new Don region towards the north, the Kalmyk Independent Republic on the northeast, and also the lands of your Caucasian slope peoples towards the south and you may southwestern. The newest Stavropol area essentially corresponds into the territory toward former Stavropol gubernia (in 18611920 border, 59,five hundred sq . kilometer) while the later on Stavropol krai, faster the latest Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,five-hundred sq kilometres).
Real topography. The top part of the Stavropol region is actually occupied of the Stavropol Upland; the brand new lesser portion possess parts of the Caspian Lowland on the eastern, the new Kuma-Manych Anxiety in the northern, additionally the foothills of one’s Caucasus Mountains from the southwest. The latest weather of one’s Stavropol region is actually transitional, regarding moderate continental from the west so you’re able to dryer and a lot more continental about eastern. The bigger of these range from the Yegorlyk (and this streams on the Manych), new Kalaus, the newest Kuma, in addition to Kuban as well as top tributaries, the latest Velykyi Zelenchuk additionally the Malyi Zelenchuk (select Zelenchuk streams). River-water is used to possess irrigation. Brief, generally saline lakes are plentiful; the biggest is the thin however, 160-km-long Lake Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Although situated Stavropol part remained sparsely populated by nomadic Nogay Tatars (a great Turkic-speaking someone) and Kalmyk individuals (good Mongol-talking classification), just who together designated regarding 80,000
The new earth throughout the west and central a portion of the Stavropol region is individuals chernozems and you can chestnut earth; towards the eastern and you may northeast it become light chestnut. Brand new pure vegetation as well as changes eastward that have decreasing humidity, off meadow fescuefeather yard steppe so you’re able to dry fescuefeather grass steppe after which semidesert plants out of wormwood, dry fescue, and you can feather turf. Regarding the far more humid the main Stavropol Upland and in the latest Caucasus mountain tops the new absolute plants was tree-steppe with oak-hornbeam-beech forest. Today both steppe plus the tree-steppe are practically completely removed to own agriculture.
History. On the mid-16th century brand new Caucasus in addition to Stavropol part started initially to started towards connection with Muscovite colonization. About 16th and you may seventeenth centuries Subcaucasia knowledgeable the fresh new roots out of Cossack colonization (the fresh Don Cossacks on western as well as the Terek Cossacks in the fresh eastern). Caucasian slope individuals, brand new Karachai as well as the Cherkess, lived in the new foothills of your own region.
Early in the newest 18th century the brand new Stavropol area nominally became the main Russian Empire. Permanent settlements, not, weren’t built through to the last quarter of the century, when, during the 177780, the Russian government mainly based a type of forts, the latest Mozdok-Azov line, having headquarters within Stavropol, to contain the Caucasian mountain peoples. Of the 1785 this new Stavropol region shaped element of Caucasus oblast, which had been redesignated an excellent gubernia when you look at the 1802. Following multiple title alter it absolutely was designated as the Stavropol gubernia for the 1847. Their boundaries have been ultimately repaired when you look Liban mariГ©es at the 1861, whether or not it is actually split off Terek oblast. Compared to Kuban oblast and you can Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (because the 1898) was not element of Caucasus krai.
Up until the 1930s the fresh new Stavropol area is settled by the one another Ukrainians and Russians, and you may constituted part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic area
The newest Russian bodies marketed the new rapid colonization of Stavropol part to introduce a base having military strategies about Caucasus. Section of one to aim is achieved by new giving preference tracts out-of residential property so you’re able to Russian noblemen, whom paid all of them with the serfs. A more extreme reason for colonization, yet not, try the latest spontaneous settlement by state peasants who were unimpeded by the newest central authorities. Indeed the latest purple bodies legalized extant says towards the ukase from 1804 and you may provided service to people that has settled during the the newest Stavropol part. Towards the end of your 1850s the populace out of Stavropol gubernia had risen to 340,000 (5.5 people for each and every sq . kilometer). Its just urban area, Stavropol, increased from around step three,000 owners when you look at the 1800 to 17,600 citizens inside the 1853. Probably the most densely settled areas was the new steppes amongst the Yegorlyk and the Kalaus rivers plus the Kalaus Lake valley. The people from Stavropol gubernia (including Terek oblast) into the 1853 consisted of forty eight.seven per cent Cossacks, 32 percent county peasants, sixteen.dos percent nomadic herders, and 3.one percent serfs and others.
